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India Tours - Historic Jharkhand, Hazaribag

Hazaribag

Itkhori, a block headquarter within Chatra district. Itkhori lies north of Hazaribagh, about 16 kms west of Chouparan to be more precise. It is a wonderful place with abundance of historic reminiscences and archaeological remnants demonstrating a breathtaking saga of religious tolerance and cultural unity. More than 1200 years ago the great Pala and Gupta emperors looked out from the terrace of the magnificent Maa Bhadrakali temple complex built during 9th Century . The workmanship of the images and statues indicate a highly developed heritage of skills in the finer arts. And if wonders were to follow wonders, the Shiva-linga in the adjacent temple has no less than 1008 'lingams' carved into its surface. Images of 104 Bodhisattvas and 4 principal Buddhas are sculpted on each side of a 'stupa'-like structure. Close by is a stone slab with foot-impressions on its surface - believed to be that of Sheetalnath, the 1 Oth Tirthankara of the Jain religion.
One of the rock inscriptions of Mahendra Pala at Itkhori indicates that the Pratihara ruler came in control of the bordering areas of Chotanagpur during second half of the 9th century A.D.

All these magical remnants of the past are to be found at Itkhori, a village north of Hazaribagh, an ancient place where the religion and cultures of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism, came and blended centuries ago.There are various Buddhist Relics at Itkhori dated from 200 B.C to 1200 A.D. Itkhori's name also has a legend connected to Buddhism. When the aunt of Lord Buddha could not distract him from meditating she gave up, goes the legend saying If/ Khoyi (lost here) that eventually distorted to become Itkhori, the name of the place.

The Satpahar site, in Hazaribag consists of a series of seven triadic ranges - replete with rock paintings it deserves to be placed amongst the most impressive rock art galleries of the world. The sandstone is painted with zoomorphs, anthropomorphs, fish, grasshoppers, spotted deer, cattle, small animals like rodents and ritually arranged frogs. Several microliths and polished stone axe-heads have been found in these painted shelters.
A bit far off from Isko, cave paintings have been discovered in the abnormally large sized caves in the nearby Sati hills. Though the size of the caves have not been minutely measured, archaeologists have pointed out that the caves are large enough to accomodate more than 200 people in sitting posture. A tiny rivulet flows along one side of the cave which bears water all round the year. Archaeologists have pointed out that sufficient evidence has been gathered to prove that ancient man had once inhabited these caves. Near these giant sized caves are small hillocks made up of scattered boulders. The outer face of these boulders are strewn with engravings of wild animals, fleeting deer, tigers and wild buffaloes. Pictures of men and women, with their arms raised also find a prominent place.
Archaeologists explain that the carvings depict the joys of men and women after their huntsmen have returned home with a bounty of catch that could keep them going for quite some time. Particularly striking are numerous engravings of unidentified long necked animals, longer than those of modern day giraffes, which are probably now extinct. In one such section are carvings of hordes of a particular type of animal resembling more to herds of deer with a group of men in the background. Another group of engravings depict a group of men carrying corpses of dead animals on their shoulders as if returning from a hunting spree.
What has baffled archaeologists are clusters of various geometric designs strewn amidst pictures of thick foliage, that have been accorded a place of pride amidst the variety of carvings by the ancient man.

Isko village is located 45 kms under Barkagaon block to the south east from Hazaribagh district headquarter. Discovery of rock paintings dating back to the mid stone age as per archaeological estimate, has confirmed that ancient civilisation had once thrived in the rocky plains of the Jharkhand region wedged between the mighty Damodar River and the hills of Chotanagpur plateau.
Tests carried out by experts have recorded that while the rock painting are around 10,000 years old, the cave paintings discovered from the hills of Isko village date back to the mid stone age period more than 30,000 years ago. Engraved in the huge boulders are carvings depicting gods and goddesses, men and women, domestic animals and some species of wild animals particularly deer.

Isko village has also evidence that men lived in the deep underground caves during the Ice Age. Incised pottery, painted pottery, tattoos, marriage and harvest paintings found on the walls of rural homes even today, seem to have evolved directly from this ancient heritage. In a row, on the east-west ridge of the Satpahar massif are three unparalleled rock art sites. The first is Satpahar I which has an elegantly etched bison and the only example of deer with bandaged feet. Historian says that the art belongs to the Ice age. On Satpahar II located on the west facing slope, there is a row of animals - bisons, blue bulls, tigers, langur, wild buffalo and several x-ray figures of animals. Satpahar III is known for its oldest crucifix form set over a double line of spotted deer

Khandhar is a small rock art site at about 3 kms, along the side of the Satpahar range towards its western end. Perhaps the only butterfly to be found in Indian rock can be seen here.

Badam : A village under Barkagaon in south west, contains a fort built in 1642 A.D. and four temples of Lord Shiva built in the 1 7th Century A.D.

Barakatta : A block head quarter having ruins of a temple near the spring of the village. There are 5 sculptured pieces of stone inside the temple.

Banda : Ruins of hand axes are found dating back to the Paleolithic Age. Bargunda : Hoard of copper objects have been found in 1850.

Karharbari : A hoard of five pieces of smelted copper, three of which were unfinished shouldered celt, was found.

Ramgarh : Early stone age (Lower Paleolithic) tools were found along the river Damodar.


Hazaribag

Dhanbad

Ranchi

Sahebganj

Chatra

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